Pencatatandilakukan dalam kg dengan desimal (sensitif sampai 0.1 kg). Semua subyek penelitian ditimbang tanpa sepatu atau alas kaki, hanya pakaian sekolah sehari - hari saja. Tinggi badan diukur dengan menggunakan alat Microtoa 2 M terbuat dari metal, dengan ketepatan 0.5 cm. Tinggi badan di ukur pada posisi tegak lurus menghadap ke depan Tidakada cara khusus untuk mendapatkan SPSS secara gratis. Sebagai pelajar, Anda bisa mendapatkan uji coba gratis dan menikmati penggunaan gratis selama 30 hari dari IBM SPSS. Atau Anda dapat menghubungi vendor untuk mendapatkan sejumlah diskon SPSS. Cukup ikuti metode yang disebutkan di atas dan siapkan versi gratis SPSS Anda. CARAMEMBUAT DATA MENJADI VALID DI SPSS Hasil Uji Validitas menggunakan SPSS (tampilan output pada SPSS) Pengujian validitas di atas menggunakan teknik Corrected Item - Total Correlation, dengan jumlah sampel 30, dan tingkat signifikansi (?) sebesar 5%. Berdasarkan nilai koefisien korelasi pada kolom Corrected Item - Total Correlation Jikadata yang diinput adalah angka yang memiliki desimal (Cth: 123,45), agar dapat dibaca dengan baik oleh SPSS, maka jeda koma(,) tersebut harus diganti dengan tanda Titik(.) pada tab 'Data View'(Cth: 123.45) dan sesuaikan jumlah desimal yang digunakan dengan merubah angka pada kolom 'Decimals' pada veriabel bersangkutan(Cth: jika desimalnya ada 2(123,45) maka rubah angka pada kolom . Setting decimal places in SPSS output is not straightforward. A great option, however, is our Set Decimals for Output Tables Tool. An alternative is changing your variable formats. Finally, for full control, one needs Python Scripting or SaxBasic. 1. Changing Variable Formats The number of decimals in SPSS output basically depends on the combination of statistic, procedure and variable format. Manipulating the latter is usually the easiest way to control the output formats to some extent. For example, try and run the following syntax. *1. Specify format for new numeric format= Create mini test list free/ data1 2 3end data.*3. Basic v1.*4. Change variable v1 Basic v1. By comparing the first and second descriptives tables, four different rules for the number of decimals can be derived N always has zero decimals which sort of makes sense Minimum and maximum take their numbers of decimals directly from the variable format The mean has two extra decimals The standard deviation has three extra decimals SPSS Output - Decimal Places for Descriptives 2. Using Python Scripting As illustrated, some control over decimals can be exerted by changing variable formats. However, this is rather limited. For instance, the mean wil always have at least two decimals and the standard deviation will always have one decimal more than the mean. These limitations can be overcome with either SaxBasic which is deprecated or Python Scripting. A very basic Python script for setting all decimal places to zero is *Set all decimal places in a "descriptives" table to = = index in range oItem = if == "Descriptive Statistics" and == pTable = dCells= for rows in range for cols in range program. Although this basic script is a bit lengthy, modifying it for instance, have different decimal places for different statistics wouldn't require too much extra code. Also, note that the script could be rewritten as a function accepting parameters such as decimal places and placed in a module for easier access. 3. The MODIFY TABLES Extension An alternative way to fine tune the numbers of decimal places in output tables is to use the MODIFY TABLES extension, which can be downloaded here. This extension can do much more than setting decimal places but some find it hard to use perhaps even harder than basic Python scripting. Under the hood it basically generates and runs a Python script like the one we just saw given some specifications. Setting decimal places to one for the Mean and Standard deviation is done like so *Set decimals of descriptives to 1 with the modify tables MODIFY TABLES subtype="'Descriptive Statistics'" SELECT="Mean" "Std. Deviation"DIMENSION= COLUMNSLEVEL = -1 PROCESS = ALL/STYLES APPLYTO=DATACELLS CUSTOMFUNCTION=" Converting an SPSS string variable into a numeric one is simple. However, there's a huge pitfall that few people are aware of string values that can't be converted into numbers result in system missing values without SPSS throwing any error or warning. This can mess up your data without you being aware of it. Don't believe me? I'll demonstrate the problem -and the solution- on part of which is shown below. SPSS Strings to Numeric - Wrong Way First off, you can convert a string into a numeric variable in variable view as shown below. Now, I never use this method myself because I can't apply it to many variables at once, so it may take way more effort than necessary; it doesn't generate any syntax there's no Paste button and nothing's appended to my journal file; it can mess up the data. However, there's remedies for that. So What's the Problem? Well, let's do it rather than read about it. We'll set empty cells as user missing values for s3; convert s3 to numeric in variable view; run descriptives on the result. *Set empty string as user missing value for values s3 ''.*Inspect frequency table for s3.*Now manually convert s3 to numeric under variable view.*Inspect s3.*N = 444 instead of 459. That is, 15 values failed to convert and we've no clue why. Result Note that some values in our string variable have been flagged with “a”. We probably want these to be converted into numbers. We have 459 valid values non empty cells. After converting our variable to numeric, we ran some descriptives. Note that we only have N = 444. Apparently, 15 values failed to convert -probably not what we want. And we usually won't notice this problem because we don't get any warning or error. Conversion Failures - Simplest Solution Right, so how can we perform the conversion safely? Well, we just inspected frequency tables how many non empty values do we have before the conversion? converted our variables to numeric; inspected N in a descriptive statistics after the conversion. If N is lower than the number of non empty string values frequencies before conversion, then something may be wrong. In our first example, the frequency table already suggested we must remove the “a” from all values before converting the variable. We'll do just that in a minute. Although safe, I still think this method is too much work, especially for multiple variables. Let's speed things up by using some handy syntax. SPSS - String to Numeric with Syntax The fastest way to convert string variables into numeric ones is with the ALTER TYPE command. It allows us to convert many variables with a single line of syntax. The syntax below converts all string variables in one go. We then check a descriptives table. If we don't have any system missing values, we're done. SPSS ALTER TYPE Example *Close data without saving and reopen before proceeding.*Convert all variables in one type s1 to s3 f1 s4 s1 to s4. Note using alter type s1 to s4 f1. will also work but the decimal places for s4 won't be visible. This is why we set the correct f format means 6 characters including the decimal separator and 3 decimal places as in Which is the format of our string values. Result Since we've 480 cases in our data, we're done for s1. However, the other 3 variables contain system missings so we need to find out why. Since we can't undo the operation, let's close our data without saving and reopen it. Solution 2 Copy String Variables Before Conversion Things now become a bit more technical. However, readers who struggle their way through will learn a very efficient solution that works for many other situations too. We'll basically copy all string variables; convert all string variables; compare the original to the converted variables. Precisely, we'll flag non empty string values that are system missing after the conversion. As these are at least suspicious, we'll call those conversion failures. This may sound daunting but it's perfectly doable if we use the right combination of commands. Those are mainly STRING, RECODE, DO REPEAT and IF. Copy and Convert Several String Variables *Close data without saving and reopen before proceeding.*Copy all string c1 to c4 a7.recode s1 to s4 else = copy into c1 to c4.*Convert variables to type s1 to s3 f1 s4 each variable, flag conversion failures cases where converted value is system missing but original value is not repeat conv = s1 to s4 / ori = c1 to c4 / flags = flag1 to and ori '' flags = repeat.*If N > 0, conversion failures occurred for some flag1 to flag4. Result Only flag3 and flag4 contain some conversion failures. We can visually inspect what's the problem by moving these cases to the top of our dataset. *Visually inspect why values fail to cases by flag3 d.*Some values flagged with 'a'.sort cases by flag4 d.*Some values flagged with 'a' through 'e'. Result Remove Illegal Characters, Copy and Convert Some values are flagged with letters “a” through “e”, which is why they fail to convert. We'll now fix the problem. First, we close our data without saving and reopen it. We then rerun our previous syntax but remove these letters before the conversion. Syntax *Close data without saving and reopen before proceeding.*Copy all c1 to c4 a7.recode s1 to s4 else = copy into c1 to c4.*Remove 'a' from s3 = replaces3,'a',''.*Remove 'a' through 'e' from repeat char = 'a' 'b' 'c' 'd' 'e'.compute s4 = replaces4,char,''.end repeat.*Try and convert variable type s1 to s3 f1 s4 conversion failures repeat conv = s1 to s4 / ori = c1 to c4 / flags = flag1 to and ori '' flags = repeat.*Inspect if conversion flag1 to flag4.*N = 0 for all flag variables so we're done.*Delete copied and flag variables c1 to flag4. Result All flag variables contain only system missings. This means that we no longer have any conversion failures; all variables have been correctly converted. We can now delete all copy and flag variables, save our data and move on. Thanks for reading! SPSS Statistical Package for Social Sciences adalah aplikasi perangkat lunak yang digunakan untuk melakukan analisis statistik di berbagai bidang. Salah satu fitur penting dari SPSS adalah kemampuannya untuk mengubah desimal dalam penghitungan data. Dalam artikel ini, kita akan membahas cara mengubah desimal di SPSS dengan mudah. Memahami Desimal dalam SPSS Sebelum kita masuk ke cara mengubah desimal di SPSS, penting untuk memahami apa itu desimal dalam SPSS. Desimal adalah angka yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan bagian pecahan dari suatu bilangan. Misalnya, dalam angka 3,75, 75 adalah bagian desimal. Dalam SPSS, desimal biasanya digunakan untuk menghitung nilai rata-rata, median, dan nilai lainnya dari suatu set data. Dalam beberapa kasus, Anda mungkin perlu mengubah desimal dalam SPSS agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan Anda. Langkah-langkah Mengubah Desimal di SPSS Berikut adalah langkah-langkah untuk mengubah desimal di SPSS Langkah 1 Buka File SPSS Langkah pertama adalah membuka file SPSS yang ingin Anda ubah desimalnya. Anda dapat membuka file SPSS dengan mengklik File lalu Open, atau dengan menekan tombol Ctrl+O pada keyboard Anda. Langkah 2 Buka Data Editor Setelah membuka file SPSS, langkah selanjutnya adalah membuka Data Editor. Untuk membuka Data Editor, klik tab Data View di bagian bawah jendela SPSS atau tekan tombol Ctrl+1 pada keyboard Anda. Langkah 3 Pilih Kolom dengan Desimal Setelah membuka Data Editor, pilih kolom dengan desimal yang ingin Anda ubah. Untuk memilih kolom, klik pada judul kolom di bagian atas tabel data. Langkah 4 Klik Kanan pada Kolom Setelah memilih kolom, klik kanan pada kolom tersebut untuk membuka menu konteks. Langkah 5 Pilih Format Cells Pada menu konteks, pilih Format Cells. Langkah 6 Pilih Numeric Pada jendela Format Cells, pilih Numeric di bawah Category. Langkah 7 Tentukan Jumlah Desimal Setelah memilih Numeric, tentukan jumlah desimal yang ingin Anda gunakan. Anda dapat memilih jumlah desimal dengan mengklik tombol panah di bawah Decimal Places. Langkah 8 Klik OK Setelah menentukan jumlah desimal, klik tombol OK untuk menyimpan perubahan. Menyimpan File SPSS Setelah mengubah desimal di SPSS, pastikan untuk menyimpan file SPSS Anda agar perubahan tersebut dapat disimpan. Untuk menyimpan file SPSS, klik File lalu Save atau tekan tombol Ctrl+S pada keyboard Anda. Kesimpulan Mengubah desimal di SPSS dapat dilakukan dengan mudah menggunakan langkah-langkah yang telah dijelaskan di atas. Pastikan untuk memilih jumlah desimal yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan Anda dan jangan lupa untuk menyimpan perubahan setelah selesai. Changing a variable's width is rarely necessary. Nevertheless, it's good to know how when it's needed and how it's done. Changing Variable Width in SPSS For string variables, width refers to how many characters a value can hold. An exception are multibyte characters as explained in SPSS Unicode Mode. Somewhat confusingly, "width" is not the width of a variable's column as displayed on screen, which is referred to as columns. For string variables, width should be increased when new values are desired that are longer than the current width. This is demonstrated by the syntax example below. For numeric variables, "width" refers to how many digits should be displayed. However, SPSS will often override the specified width is it's insufficient. If not, FORMATS can be used for increasing it. SPSS Formats and Alter Type Syntax Examples The test data used by the syntax below are found here. *1. Width for "income" increases from 5 to 6 after running the line income "Stefano" 7 letters is too long for "name" 6 letters. We'll therefore increase its width to 7 type namea7.*3. Now we can change "Stefan" to "Stefano".if name eq 'Stefan' name = 'Stefano'.execute. Changing Decimal Places in SPSS Decimal places can be changed by the FORMATS command. Just note that the first number refers to the width of the entire variable including decimals so the second number decimals should always be smaller. Also, keep in mind that the actual data values will not change because of using FORMATS. They are merely displayed differently. SPSS Formats Syntax Example The test data used by the syntax below are found here. *Note how running the line below displays two decimals for "income" under "Data View".formats income

cara mengubah desimal di spss